Andreucetti Design Studios Blog

An Artists Medium: Copper a Living Metal

Written by Richard Andreucetti | Nov 9, 2024 9:16:19 AM

Blog Post 2: The Medium, Copper a Living Metal

Welcome! I hope you enjoy my second post in the series: From Concept to Creation: A Deep Dive into the Artist-Client Commission Journey.

What is it about copper that draws me in? Is it the material’s physical properties (texture, color, malleability) or its deeper, symbolic meanings? The following personal story or anecdote might make the post even more engaging and hopefully the following will explian why, as a visual artist, I use Copper as one of my main art mediums:

  • Copper: The Living Art Medium
Copper, often hailed as a "living metal," has a storied history in art and craftsmanship. This versatile and dynamic material and its many alloys has captured the imagination of artists for centuries, offering unique properties that make it an exceptional medium for artistic expression. In this blog, I will explore the characteristics that make copper a favorite among many modern artists, including myself, focusing on its malleability, high cost, and ability to change color over time.

  • Copper: A Living Metal

Copper is often referred to as a "living metal" because it undergoes visible transformations as it reacts with its environment. Unlike many other art materials that remain static, copper evolves, taking on new hues and textures.

  • Patina: The Beauty of Change
One of the most fascinating aspects of copper is its ability to develop a patina. A Patina is a thin layer that forms on the surface of copper due to oxidation over time. This natural process can result in a range of colours, from rich browns to vibrant greens and blues, creating a unique, ever-changing canvas. I embrace this characteristic and manipulate it, so allowing my works to mature and transform, adding an organic, unpredictable elements to each work.

  • Malleability: Shaping Creativity
Copper’s malleability is another key attribute that makes it ideal for many artistic endeavors. While, this exotic material is incredibly easy to shape and manipulate, (but, work it too much it hardens and can break or crack), to know when the material has reached it's breaking point comes only with experience and much experimentation. The property of good malleability allows me to explore intricate designs and complex forms that might be challenging with other materials, such as Carbon Steel (Hey, this I can cover in another Blog post).

  • My Techniques and Applications

I employ a range of techniques to shape the material into its final form, including:

Annealing: This process involves repeatedly heating the copper to increase its pliability, allowing it to be shaped as desired.

Repoussé and Chasing: Techniques involving hammering from the reverse side and detailing from the front side to create raised designs. (see the sample images below)
These methods enable me to produce a wide range of works, from delicate jewellery to large-scale sculptures, each showcasing the metal’s adaptability and resilience.

  • The Cost Factor
The cost of copper is an important factor for artists to consider. As a non ferrous precious metal, its price is subject to fluctuations based on market conditions, which can make it a more costly option compared to other materials such as aluminum or steel. I generally source salvaged copper and upcycle into my finished art pieces, for this commission I had to purchase new copper sheets, and I have to admit I underestimated the cost (I will expand on this in my next post).

  • Value vs. Investment
Despite its cost, many artists view copper as a worthwhile investment due to its longevity and the unique qualities it brings to their work. The initial expense is often offset by the durability and aesthetic value of the final piece. Moreover, the evolving patina adds a timeless beauty that can enhance the artwork’s appeal and worth over time.

  • The Alchemy of Colour

Copper’s color-changing capability extends beyond just developing a patina. I continually experiment to manipulate the metal, achieving specific hues through diverse treatments and finishes.

  • Colour Treatments

Thermal Patination: Applying heat to the copper surface to bring out different colours, ranging from reds and oranges to deep purples, and even yellows.

Solution Patination: Using solutions like ammonia or vinegar to accelerate the patina process and achieve desired hues, again time and experimentation.

Electroplating: Coating the copper with other metals to introduce new colors and effects.
These techniques allow for a high degree of control over the final appearance, which gives me the freedom to experiment and innovate with their colour palettes.

  • Conclusion

Copper’s unique properties make it a dynamic and compelling medium. Its malleability allows for intricate and diverse creations, while its high cost underscores the value and investment in the material. Most notably, copper’s ability to change colour over time adds an element of living art, where the piece evolves and gains character as it ages. For myself seeking a medium that offers both flexibility and a rich, evolving aesthetic, copper remains an unparalleled choice for me

By understanding and embracing the transformative nature of copper, I can create works that are not only visually stunning but also imbued with a sense of life and progression. Whether through the subtle changes of a developing patina or the bold application of heat and solutions, copper continues to inspire and challenge me, proving that it is indeed a living metal.

I believe that for any artist or craftmaker, understanding and respecting their chosen mediums is essential to creating exceptional artworks.

Given the considerations outlined above, it became evident during the creation of the commission brief that the standard metalforming techniques I typically employ were not suitable for this large-scale project. Consequently, it was necessary to develop a new process, which, as with any innovative endeavor, required thorough research and experimentation.

In the upcoming blog of this series, I will concentrate on the actual commission, detailing the new process and the necessary collaboration with another artist.

Thanks for reading! I hope you found it interesting.

Richard